Orta ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fanan \u201cayd\u0131nlanma hareketi\u201d Newton d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin uzant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Newton 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u201ck\u00fctlelerin \u00e7ekim yasas\u0131n\u0131\u201d ke\u015ffedince, kilisenin \u201cg\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kutsal ilahi g\u00fc\u00e7lere ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn insanlara ait oldu\u011fuyla ilgili\u201d kat\u0131 hiyerar\u015fiye dayal\u0131 evren anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 yerle bir etti. Newton g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc cisimleriyle yery\u00fcz\u00fc cisimlerinin ayn\u0131 yasalara ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu, t\u00fcm evrenin de\u011fi\u015fmez ve birle\u015ftirici genel bir ilke \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015fledi\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. Binlerce y\u0131l kilisenin; g\u00f6k cisimlerinin bo\u015flukta nas\u0131l durduklar\u0131, D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fctlesinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle bo\u015flukta durmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olamayaca\u011f\u0131, muhakkak bir dayana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fuyla ilgili yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerine, k\u00fctlelerin \u00e7ekim yasas\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k getirdi. Kilise taraf\u0131ndan zihinleri zincirlenmi\u015f, karanl\u0131kta yolunu bulamayan insanlar\u0131n zihnindeki zincirleri k\u0131rarak ayd\u0131nlanmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ayd\u0131nlanan insan zihni, tar\u0131m-din toplumunun despotik feodal devletini y\u0131karak, modern toplumun ulus-devletini kurdu. Orta ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da kurulan ilk cumhuriyetler, \u00f6nceden belirlenen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere g\u00f6re ulus-devlet modelini uygulad\u0131lar. Bu cumhuriyetlerin ortak \u00f6zelli\u011fi \u201cdespotik cumhuriyetler\u201d olmalar\u0131yd\u0131. Orta ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019y\u0131, \u00f6zellikle de Frans\u0131z ayd\u0131nlanma hareketini model olarak alan ve 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, ulus-devlet olman\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerini Anadolu\u2019da uygulamaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler Anadolu halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne \u00e7ok yabanc\u0131 kal\u0131nca problemler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Orta ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n despotik cumhuriyetleri II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019ndan sonra h\u0131zla \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, \u00e7ok kimlikli, de\u011fi\u015fik inan\u00e7l\u0131 \u201cdemokratik cumhuriyetlere\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcp zenginliklerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler. K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde bilim ve teknoloji \u00fcretmenin \u00e7ok az yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti, kurulu\u015funun 100. y\u0131l\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 demokratik cumhuriyete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015femedi\u011finden, fakir \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki yerini muhafaza ediyor. Yani \u201cNewton\u2019un bilim derdi, K\u00fcrtleri gerdi,\u201d durumlar\u0131 devam ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Orta ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa\u2019da 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ya\u015fanan \u201cayd\u0131nlanma hareketi\u201d Newton d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin uzant\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Newton 18. y\u00fczy\u0131lda \u201ck\u00fctlelerin \u00e7ekim yasas\u0131n\u0131\u201d ke\u015ffedince, kilisenin \u201cg\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kutsal ilahi g\u00fc\u00e7lere ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12370,12304],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-779230","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-arastirma-inceleme","6":"product_cat-tarih","7":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","8":"pa_tur-kitap","9":"pa_yayinevi-luna-yayinlari","10":"pa_yazar-fehmi-kuyurtar","12":"first","13":"instock","14":"sale","15":"shipping-taxable","16":"purchasable","17":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/779230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=779230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=779230"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=779230"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=779230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}