1204: Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar Konstantinopolis\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irir; 1453: \u015eehir, T\u00fcrklere teslim olur. Bizans D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son cildi i\u015fte bu iki \u00f6nemli tarih aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yor. Do\u011fu Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, ileri \u00fcss\u00fc Trabzon ve kom\u015fular\u0131 S\u0131rplar ve Bulgarlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi sonucunda topraklar\u0131na yerle\u015fen Latinler ile birlikte yeniden bi\u00e7imleniyor. Par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015f topraklar\u0131n tarihi T\u00fcrkler de dahil t\u00fcm bile\u015fenleriyle anlat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu d\u00f6nemde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir devlete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen XII. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n eski b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn, \u00f6nce Anadolu\u2019da sonra da Kuzey Yunanistan\u2019da topraklar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmesine ve 1373\u2019ten itibaren Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131na tabi hale gelmesine tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz. Konstantinopolis ve Peloponez\u2019e indirgenmi\u015f olan bu devletin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcp s\u00fcrd\u00fcremeyece\u011fi, \u00e7o\u011fu bertaraf edilen Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferlerinden \u00e7ok, sultan\u0131n iradesine ve Cenova ile Venedik\u2019in \u00e7\u0131kar ama\u00e7l\u0131 desteklerine ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mparatorlar taraf\u0131ndan Lyon (1274) ve Floransa\u2019da (1439) onaylanan Ortodoks ve Latin Kiliselerinin Birli\u011fi, Ortodokslar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan reddedilmi\u015f, hi\u00e7bir etkisi olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Patri\u011fin otoritesi kesin olarak imparatorunkini yenmi\u015ftir. Ancak devletin, Kara Veba ve toplumsal gerilimleri de beraberinde getiren XIV. y\u00fczy\u0131l ekonomik durgunlu\u011fuyla iyiden iyiye zay\u0131flamas\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n refah\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fiyordu. Zira tuhaf bir \u015fekilde Bizans, Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ekonomik, sanatsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel geli\u015fimine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hatta bu geli\u015fimi sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Teknikleri (ipek, cam) oraya nakledilmi\u015f, entelekt\u00fcelleri Grek miras\u0131n\u0131 yeniden ke\u015ffetmekle kalmam\u0131\u015f, h\u00fcmanistlere de aktarm\u0131\u015f ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, Trecento \u0130talyan resmini etkilemi\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte, IV. Ha\u00e7l\u0131 Seferi\u2019nin travmas\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmeyi engellemi\u015ftir. Angeliki Laiou (1941-2008), Harvard \u00dcniversitesi profes\u00f6r\u00fc, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarih\u00e7i, Bizans toplumu ve ekonomisi uzman\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc nedeniyle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu cildi tamamlayamam\u0131\u015f, derleme CNRS\u2019te emekli ara\u015ft\u0131rma direkt\u00f6r\u00fc, iktisat ve para tarih\u00e7isi, bir\u00e7ok eser sahibi C\u00e9cile Morrisson\u2019a emanet edilmi\u015ftir. Ele al\u0131nan \u00fclkeler konusunda yetkin dokuz fakl\u0131 yazar (Bulgar, Frans\u0131z, Yunanl\u0131 ve S\u0131rp) bu esere katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
1204: Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar Konstantinopolis\u2019i ele ge\u00e7irir; 1453: \u015eehir, T\u00fcrklere teslim olur. Bizans D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve son cildi i\u015fte bu iki \u00f6nemli tarih aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaps\u0131yor. Do\u011fu Roma [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12304],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-750725","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-tarih","6":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","7":"pa_tur-kitap","8":"pa_yayinevi-ayrinti-yayinlari","9":"pa_yazar-angeliki-laiou-cecile-morrisson","11":"first","12":"instock","13":"sale","14":"shipping-taxable","15":"purchasable","16":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/750725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=750725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=750725"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=750725"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=750725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}