Toplum ve birey: Hangisi \u00f6tekini yarat\u0131r, bi\u00e7imlendirir, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr? Toplum bir de\u011fi\u015fmezlik hedefiyle bireyi var eder, ancak onu var etmek suretiyle kendi b\u00fcnyesine de\u011fi\u015fimin tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 eker. Toplum bireyi yarat\u0131r ama ona sahip olmay\u0131 ba\u015faramaz. Tarde\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u201cToplum herkesin tek tek ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak birbirine sahip olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d O halde toplum, yekpare bir yap\u0131 de\u011fil, ayr\u0131 olanlardan olu\u015fan bir toplamd\u0131r. Tarde\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde birey toplumun emrinde edilgen bir unsur de\u011fil, onun \u00f6znesi ve devindirici g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Toplumsal kitle taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7eki\u015ftirilen, s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen basit bir bile\u015fen de\u011fil, say\u0131s\u0131z yol ve y\u00f6ntemle toplumu pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen a\u00e7\u0131k ve gizli bir akt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. Bir ba\u015fka ifadeyle Tarde, birli\u011fi ve benzerli\u011fi de\u011fil, \u00e7oklu\u011fu ve farkl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkeze koyar. Tarde birey ve toplum anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, Leibniz\u2019in bireysel monadlar\u0131ndan esinlenerek kurmu\u015ftur. Monadlara h\u00e2kim olan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ruhu, Tarde\u2019\u0131n bireylerini ku\u015fat\u0131r; b\u00f6ylece onlar durmadan k\u0131p\u0131rdar, kayna\u015f\u0131r, u\u00e7u\u015fur, ele avuca s\u0131\u011fmazlar. Tarde\u2019\u0131n bireyi ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir toplumdur; duygular\u0131n\u0131n, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin, e\u011filimlerinin, inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve isteklerinin bir toplam\u0131d\u0131r; bunlar\u0131n her biri ve hepsi bireyi pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fckler, t\u0131pk\u0131 bireyin de toplumu pe\u015finden s\u00fcr\u00fcklemesi gibi. Fakat Tarde\u2019\u0131n bireyi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k itkisiyle hareket etmekle birlikte, \u00f6teki bireyler olmadan, onlarla etkile\u015fime girmeden, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f etmeden varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyamaz. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131kla hareket eder fakat yan yana gelmekten ka\u00e7amaz. \u0130\u015fte onlar\u0131n bu yan yanal\u0131\u011f\u0131na uzaktan bak\u0131p \u201ctoplum\u201d diyoruz. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Toplum ve birey: Hangisi \u00f6tekini yarat\u0131r, bi\u00e7imlendirir, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr? Toplum bir de\u011fi\u015fmezlik hedefiyle bireyi var eder, ancak onu var etmek suretiyle kendi b\u00fcnyesine de\u011fi\u015fimin tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 eker. Toplum [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12325,12324],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-720319","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-diger-sosyoloji","6":"product_cat-sosyoloji","7":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","8":"pa_tur-kitap","9":"pa_yayinevi-dogu-bati-yayinlari","10":"pa_yazar-gabriel-de-tarde","12":"first","13":"instock","14":"sale","15":"shipping-taxable","16":"purchasable","17":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/720319","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=720319"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=720319"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=720319"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=720319"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}