Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n iki b\u00fcy\u00fck mali krizi, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llardaki B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m ile 2008\u2019de ba\u015flayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Durgunluk\u2019 tur. Her ikisinin de arka plan\u0131nda, kredilerdeki sert y\u00fckseli\u015fler, \u015faibeli bankac\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131 ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan, istikrars\u0131z bir k\u00fcresel finans sistemi vard\u0131. 2008\u2019de piyasalar kalp krizleri ge\u00e7irirken, ekonomi politikas\u0131n\u0131 belirleyenler en k\u00f6t\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m\u2019\u0131n derslerine ba\u015fvurdu. Verdikleri yan\u0131tla 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llardakine benzer bir finansal bir \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 bir bunal\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nlediler ama ABD ve Avrupa\u2019da i\u015fsizlik buna ra\u011fmen dayan\u0131lmaz seviyelere y\u00fckseldi. Ac\u0131 ve \u0131zd\u0131rap alabildi\u011fine yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. Bu noktada s\u00f6z konusu olan soru, politik karar merkezlerinin neden daha iyisini yapmad\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Barry Eichenberg\u2019in bu ikiz krizin tarihine dair an\u0131tsal eseri, Aynal\u0131 Salon, bu soruya bug\u00fcne kadar verilmi\u015f en geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 yan\u0131t\u0131 sunuyor. Eichengreen, bu iki kriz ve Kuzey Amerika ile Avrupa aras\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli gidip gelerek, Lehman Brothers\u2019\u0131n iflas\u0131n\u0131 izleyecek bir ba\u015fka Bunal\u0131m korkusunun, olumlu ve olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131yla, her iki k\u0131tadaki ekonomi-politik yan\u0131tlara nas\u0131l \u015fekil verdi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6zelli\u011fi banka iflaslar\u0131 oldu\u011fundan karar merkezleri s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131daki bankalar\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek i\u00e7in derhal harekete ge\u00e7tiler. Ama t\u00fcrev piyasalar\u0131n 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda bir \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yor olmas\u0131 nedeniyle de g\u00f6lge bankac\u0131l\u0131k diye bilinen sistemin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131lar. Yine 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda harcamalar\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok az \u015fey yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fken, h\u00fck\u00fcmetler bu kez kamu harcamalar\u0131n\u0131 da art\u0131rd\u0131. Ancak krize verilen bu yan\u0131t geli\u015fig\u00fczel nitelikteydi ve daha sonralar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle G\u00fcney Avrupa\u2019daki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bor\u00e7lu devletlere sorun \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u00dcstelik, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 vaatlerde bulunan politikac\u0131lar\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 bir ekonomik durgunlu\u011fu \u00f6nlemedeki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle de, harekete ge\u00e7me yanl\u0131s\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmetler ve merkez bankalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik h\u0131zl\u0131 bir tepki geli\u015fti. Karar merkezleri de, \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden, hen\u00fcz normal ko\u015fullara d\u00f6n\u00fclmemi\u015fken normal politikalara geri d\u00f6nme ayart\u0131s\u0131na erkenden boyun e\u011fdi. Sonu\u00e7, Birle\u015fik Devletler\u2019 de y\u0131prat\u0131c\u0131 derecede yava\u015f bir ekonomik canlanma, Avrupa\u2019da ise sonu gelmeyen ekonomik durgunluklar oldu. Aynal\u0131 Salon, hem \u00f6nemli bir ekonomi tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hem de ayn\u0131 hatalardan baz\u0131lar\u0131na ikinci bir kez daha d\u00fc\u015fmekten nas\u0131l kurtuldu\u011fumuza dair esasl\u0131 bir incelemedir. Sadece B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m tarihinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan derslerin toplumun \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ekonomik sorunlara verdi\u011fi yan\u0131t\u0131 \u015fekillendirmeye devam etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermekle kalm\u0131yor, ayn\u0131 zamanda B\u00fcy\u00fck Durgunluk tecr\u00fcbesinin B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimizi nas\u0131l kal\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fini de g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ge\u00e7en y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n iki b\u00fcy\u00fck mali krizi, 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llardaki B\u00fcy\u00fck Bunal\u0131m ile 2008\u2019de ba\u015flayan B\u00fcy\u00fck Durgunluk\u2019 tur. Her ikisinin de arka plan\u0131nda, kredilerdeki sert y\u00fckseli\u015fler, \u015faibeli bankac\u0131l\u0131k [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12370,12304],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-707025","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-arastirma-inceleme","6":"product_cat-tarih","7":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","8":"pa_tur-kitap","9":"pa_yayinevi-efil-yayinevi","10":"pa_yazar-barry-eichengreen","12":"first","13":"instock","14":"sale","15":"shipping-taxable","16":"purchasable","17":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/707025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=707025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=707025"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=707025"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=707025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}