\u0130sko\u00e7 Ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mimarlar\u0131ndan Francis Hutcheson, geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ahl\u00e2k teorisiyle David Hume, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant ve pek \u00e7ok di\u011fer \u00fcnl\u00fc filozofa esin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Hutcheson\u2019\u0131n \u201cahl\u00e2k duyusu\u201d olarak nitelendirdi\u011fi \u015fey ise kendisinin de ifade etti\u011fi \u00fczere \u201cdo\u011fal vicdan\u201dd\u0131r ve bu insanla birlikte varolmu\u015ftur. Ancak vicdan\u0131n, \u201cahl\u00e2k duyusu\u201d ad\u0131yla, teolojik ve rasyonalist kavray\u0131\u015flardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ahl\u00e2ki perspektifte modern, sek\u00fcler ve empirik bir kavram olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve geli\u015fimi, 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131na, yani Ayd\u0131nlanma \u00c7a\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131na denk gelir. Hutcheson, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l bireyci kapitalizminin do\u011furdu\u011fu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bertaraf edememekle itham etti\u011fi teolojik ve rasyonalist ahl\u00e2k teorilerinin, \u00f6zellikle de bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n, ac\u0131lar\u0131n ve sefaletin do\u011frudan sorumlusu olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Hobbescu egoist ahl\u00e2k, siyaset ve adalet teorilerinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na koymu\u015ftur. Hutcheson\u2019\u0131n amac\u0131 insan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcmser ya da tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc ele alan ahl\u00e2k teorilerinin \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc keserek bu olumsuz durumlar\u0131 bertaraf etmektir ki, bunu da iyimser bir tarzda insan do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131n bilimsel analizini yaparak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istemi\u015ftir. Temelinde \u201cinsana g\u00fcven\u201d d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yatan Hutcheson\u2019\u0131n felsefesinde k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 bir \u015feyler bulmak olduk\u00e7a zordur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o, \u201cahl\u00e2k duyusu teorisi\u201d ile, kendine ve \u00f6tekilerine yabanc\u0131la\u015fmam\u0131\u015f, etik ve estetik duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yitirmemi\u015f her insan\u0131n gayet a\u015fina oldu\u011fu ve y\u00fcre\u011finde hissetti\u011fi \u015feyleri, hay\u0131rseverlik, m\u00fc\u015ffiklik, merhamet, di\u011ferk\u00e2ml\u0131k gibi insani duygular\u0131 olgusal\/bilimsel bir temelde a\u00e7\u0131klamaya, Terry Eagleton\u2019\u0131n deyimiyle \u201cy\u00fcre\u011fin yasas\u0131\u201dn\u0131 ortaya koymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130sko\u00e7 Ayd\u0131nlanmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n mimarlar\u0131ndan Francis Hutcheson, geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ahl\u00e2k teorisiyle David Hume, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant ve pek \u00e7ok di\u011fer \u00fcnl\u00fc filozofa esin kayna\u011f\u0131 olan bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcr. Hutcheson\u2019\u0131n [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12291],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-706904","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-edebiyat","6":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","7":"pa_tur-kitap","8":"pa_yayinevi-dogu-bati-yayinlari","9":"pa_yazar-kemal-bakir","11":"first","12":"instock","13":"sale","14":"shipping-taxable","15":"purchasable","16":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/706904","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=706904"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=706904"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=706904"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=706904"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}