\u0130lkin Marcel Mauss\u2019un ortaya atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u201cpotla\u00e7, arma\u011fan, mana\u201d kavramlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan sosyolojik ve antropolojik tart\u0131\u015fmalar bu kitab\u0131n konusunu olu\u015fturuyor. Mauss\u2019un yan\u0131s\u0131ra Marx, Weber, Durkheim, L\u00e9vi-Strauss, Bataille, Dum\u00e9zil ve Derrida\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri etraf\u0131nda, eski \u00e7a\u011flarda ve modern d\u00f6nemde m\u00fc\u015fterek ya\u015famda ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve dayan\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 sa\u011flayan en temel ili\u015fki bi\u00e7imlerinin toplumlar\u0131n ve insanlar\u0131n \u015fekillenmesindeki rol\u00fc \u00fczerinde duruluyor.Y\u0131k\u0131m ve harcama sayesinde eski atalara hediyeler ve kurbanlar sunma; t\u00fcm bunlar tanr\u0131lara bah\u015fedilen arma\u011fanlard\u0131r. Ama tanr\u0131lar da insanlara bunun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda arma\u011fanlar sunmaktad\u0131rlar: \u0130yi ya\u015fama ve sa\u011fl\u0131k. De\u011fi\u015fimin ilk ilkesi harcamad\u0131r. Kaybedenin kapitalist d\u00fcnyadaki buhran\u0131 yerine, kaybetmeyenin buhran\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur burada. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015eeylerin ruhu oldu\u011funa dair inan\u00e7, ilkellerde olan bir \u015fey… Makro-kozmos ile mikro-kozmos aras\u0131nda arma\u011fan insan\u0131 hem do\u011fan\u0131n hem de evrenin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline getirebiliyor, bu \u015fekilde de insanlar, tanr\u0131lar ve \u015feyler aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011f kurarak toplumsal maddi ve manevi ili\u015fkileri belirleyebiliyor. B\u00f6ylece Arma\u011fan, tanr\u0131lara verildi\u011finde kurban oluyor, insanlara verildi\u011finde potla\u00e7 oluyor. Belki modern \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde do\u011fay\u0131 ve kozmosu muhte\u015fem k\u0131lan da budur.\u015eu halde Potla\u00e7, tasarruf ilkesinin tam kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 gibi g\u00f6z\u00fckmekte ve Weber\u2019in \u201cProtestan ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131n kapitalist zihniyeti\u201dnin kurucu ilkesinin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ba\u015fka bir ahl\u00e2k modeli olarak \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Ticaret ekonomisinde, de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcreci elde etme mant\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve zenginliklerin sabitli\u011fi ilkesi ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu halde, potla\u00e7 ekonomisinde ge\u00e7erli olan elde etme mant\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zenginlik sabit olmaktan uzakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc potla\u00e7 stat\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in harcama yapmak ve zenginli\u011fi kaybetmek, t\u00fckenmek ve t\u00fcketmek \u00fczerine kuruludur.\ufffcTan\u0131t\u0131m Metni<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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