James Boswell, 1760 bahar\u0131nda \u201cOkumam\u0131\u015f olan var m\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019yi? B\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc yeti\u015fmi\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc olabilir mi?\u201d diye yaz\u0131yordu. Anglikan vaiz Laurence Sterne\u2019in komik roman\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019nin 1759\u2019un Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda York\u2019ta birlikte yay\u0131mlanan ilk iki cildi \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7\u0131kmaz muazzam bir \u00f6vg\u00fcyle ve biraz da \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f, ate\u015fli bir edebiyat tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Sterne de bir y\u0131l sonra \u015funlar\u0131 yazacakt\u0131: \u201c\u015eehrin bir yar\u0131s\u0131 kitab\u0131ma a\u011f\u0131r hakaretler ediyor, \u00f6teki yar\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6klere \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor; i\u015fin ho\u015f yan\u0131, hem hakaret ediyor hem sat\u0131n al\u0131yorlar\u201d. Ger\u00e7ekten de, Orhan Pamuk\u2019un, Nuran Yavuz\u2019un yo\u011fun eme\u011finin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bu \u00e7eviri i\u00e7in \u201cHerkesin B\u00f6yle Bir Amcas\u0131 Olmal\u0131\u2026\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunu\u015fta belirtti\u011fi gibi: \u201chi\u00e7 durmadan anlatan, anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na kendini kapt\u0131r\u0131p giden, \u015fakalar\u0131, kelime oyunlar\u0131, gevezelikleri, bizi hayret ettirebilme yetene\u011fi, tuhafl\u0131klar\u0131, sa\u00e7mal\u0131klar\u0131, \u00e7ocuksulu\u011fu, saplant\u0131lar\u0131 ve tak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131yla bizi hep g\u00fcl\u00fcmseten, ak\u0131ll\u0131, zeki, k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ge\u00e7irmi\u015f, ama bir yan\u0131yla da hep muzip bir \u00e7ocuk kalm\u0131\u015f olan\u201d kahraman-anlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, ilk iki cildinde kendini d\u00fcnyaya getirmeyi bile ba\u015faramad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ancak sonlara do\u011fru bir yerde do\u011fup \u00e7ok da fazla etrafta g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeden kayboldu\u011fu bir romana ne denebilirdi? \u00d6yle bir anlat\u0131c\u0131 ki bu, kendini bah\u00e7ede sava\u015f oyunlar\u0131 oynamaya adam\u0131\u015f amcas\u0131 Toby ve yazar\u0131n bir otoportresi olan Vaiz Yorick gibi karakterler dururken, durmadan ilgimizi \u201cokumay\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f gibi ayd\u0131nlat\u0131r\u201d dedi\u011fi bir dizi sapmay(l)a, konu d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f(l)a (\u0130ngilizcede digression) \u00e7eker: \u201d \u2026 do\u011fumdan \u00f6nce nas\u0131l, hangi tarihte peydahland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, babas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fum, hayat \u00fczerine g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini uzun uzun anlat\u0131r gibi yapar. Ama bu konular\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin \u00fczerinde \u00f6yle uzun uzun durmaz. Bir a\u011fac\u0131n bir dal\u0131ndan \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fcne s\u00fcrekli yer de\u011fi\u015ftiren ve dur durak bilmez bir h\u0131zl\u0131 ve ne\u015feli ser\u00e7e gibi, h\u0131zla konudan konuya s\u0131\u00e7rayarak ilerler. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman hik\u00e2yesinin nereye do\u011fru gitti\u011fini bilmedi\u011fi izlenimini uyand\u0131r\u0131r okuyucuda. Ama metnin i\u00e7indeki baz\u0131 uyar\u0131lardan ve kitab\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131ndan Sterne\u2019in roman\u0131n\u0131 son derece planl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen ve bunu cetvellerle kan\u0131tlamaya giri\u015fen Shklovsky gibi \u00fcnl\u00fc ele\u015ftirmenler de vard\u0131r.\u201d (O.P.) Bir din adam\u0131 olan Sterne, kahraman-anlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019ye kitab\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse temel izle\u011fi olan digression konusunda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yletir: \u201cBug\u00fcn d\u00fcnya y\u00fcz\u00fcnde bir kitaba ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in bilinen birka\u00e7 yol vard\u0131r ve ben kendi se\u00e7ti\u011fim yolun bunlardan en iyisi oldu\u011funa eminim.\u2014En az\u0131ndan dine en uygun yol bu\u2014\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ben i\u015fe ilk c\u00fcmleyi yazmakla ba\u015flar\u2014ve ikincisini Kadir Tanr\u0131n\u0131n yol g\u00f6stericili\u011fine b\u0131rak\u0131r\u0131m.\u201d \u201cBen karn\u0131m\u0131 doyurmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil me\u015fhur olmak i\u00e7in yaz\u0131yorum\u201d demi\u015f olan Sterne\u2019in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden iki y\u00fcz k\u0131rk y\u0131l \u00f6nce yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ok etkilendi\u011fi John Locke\u2019un \u201cfikirler aras\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir parodisi say\u0131labilecek ve yine \u00e7ok etkilendi\u011fi Cervantes\u2019in Don Quijote\u2019sinden a\u00e7\u0131k izler ta\u015f\u0131yan bu kitap, \u201ckurmaca sanat\u0131n\u0131n sonsuz olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6vg\u00fcs\u00fc, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir sergilenmesi\u201d olarak nitelendi. Sorbonne\u2019da \u0130ngiliz Edebiyat\u0131 hocas\u0131 olan \u00c9mile Legouis, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa \u0130ngiliz edebiyat\u0131 tarihinde Sterne\u2019i ve bu kitab\u0131 anlat\u0131rken \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu: \u201cSterne\u2019le roman d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Ser\u00fcven art\u0131k romanda kendine yer bulamaz. En k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, en \u00f6nemsiz ayr\u0131nt\u0131 bile, dokunakl\u0131 ve komik tefekk\u00fcrlerle zenginle\u015febiliyorsa, ne gerekir ki? \u2018Tristram Shandy\u2019nin Hayat\u0131 ve G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri\u2019ni i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ilan eden kitap, kahraman\u0131n do\u011fumu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde yar\u0131lanm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Herhangi bir \u015fey, yazar\u0131n bitmez t\u00fckenmez bir parantez a\u00e7mas\u0131 i\u00e7in mazeret olabilir. Yazar ayr\u0131ca, y\u0131ld\u0131zlar ve bo\u015f sayfalar gibi, y\u00fczlerce \u00fcslup \u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6stererek okuru afallatmaktan da zevk al\u0131r. Ama b\u00fct\u00fcn bu kaprisler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla karakterlerini az bulunur bir n\u00fcfuzla canland\u0131r\u0131r: ger\u00e7eklerin her zaman yalanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgi\u00e7 fikirleriyle b\u00fcy\u00fck Shandy, Tristram\u2019\u0131n babas\u0131; askercilik oynayan ve bir sine\u011fi bile incitemeyen yufka y\u00fcrekli eski asker Toby amca; onun sad\u0131k takip\u00e7isi, efendisi kadar iyi kalpli ve eli a\u00e7\u0131k Onba\u015f\u0131 Trim; Sterne\u2019in kendisinin bir \u00e7e\u015fit idealizasyonu olan vaiz Yorick. Bu karakterler, art arda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck dokunu\u015flarla, az bulunur bir hayat ve canl\u0131l\u0131k kazan\u0131rlar. Ya merhamet ya da kahkahayla g\u00f6zlerimizi suland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Sterne, bazen santimantalistten farkl\u0131 olan, bazen de ondan ay\u0131rt edilemeyen Shandy\u2019vari tipi yaratt\u0131. Shandy\u2019cilik, ani miza\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, muziplik, \u0131v\u0131r z\u0131v\u0131rdan zevk alma, dalg\u0131nl\u0131k, dikkatsizlik, olanlara \u00f6nem vermeme ve hepsinin \u00fcst\u00fcnde iyi mizah demektir.\u201d Tristram Shandy\u2019nin \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u2013ve tabii ki \u201cedepsiz\u201dli\u011fi\u2013 hayranlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin David Hume \u201cotuz y\u0131ld\u0131r bir \u0130ngiliz\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 en iyi kitap\u201d diyordu, her ne kadar hemen ard\u0131ndan \u201casl\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc\u201d diyerek g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc mahvetse de. Gene de bu hayran ve savunucular i\u00e7inde en co\u015fkulu ve en veciz s\u00f6z\u00fc eden, gelece\u011fin ABD ba\u015fkan\u0131 Thomas Jefferson olmu\u015ftu: \u201cSterne\u2019in yaz\u0131lar\u0131, daha \u00e7ok, \u015fimdiye kadar yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en iyi ahlak d\u00fczenini olu\u015fturur\u201d) gibi \u201cmuar\u0131z\u201dlar\u0131n\u0131 da hemen buldu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda: Gene Orhan Pamuk\u2019un aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi: \u201cSezgileri, n\u00fckteleri, vecizeleri, ta\u015f\u0131 gedi\u011fine koymas\u0131yla \u0130ngiliz edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en zeki yazarlar\u0131ndan biri olan Samuel Johnson bile o kuralc\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmen yan\u0131yla elinizdeki bu romana sab\u0131rs\u0131z bir anlay\u0131\u015fs\u0131zl\u0131kla yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve \u2018Tuhaf olan hi\u00e7bir \u015fey kal\u0131c\u0131 olmaz,\u2019 demi\u015fti, \u2018Tristram Shandy kal\u0131c\u0131 olmayacak.\u2019 \u201d Ama Tristram Shandy, Johnson\u2019\u0131n bu kasvetli h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc yalanc\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131: \u0130ki y\u00fcz k\u0131rk y\u0131ld\u0131r \u2013ba\u015fta \u0130ngilizce olmak \u00fczere\u2013 pek \u00e7ok dilde okunuyor. Art\u0131k T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede de okunacak: Okumayacak olan var m\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019yi? B\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc yeti\u015fmi\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc olabilir mi?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
James Boswell, 1760 bahar\u0131nda \u201cOkumam\u0131\u015f olan var m\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019yi? B\u00f6yle k\u00f6t\u00fc yeti\u015fmi\u015f \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc olabilir mi?\u201d diye yaz\u0131yordu. Anglikan vaiz Laurence Sterne\u2019in komik roman\u0131 Tristram Shandy\u2019nin [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[12291,12866],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-694430","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","5":"product_cat-edebiyat","6":"product_cat-ingiliz-edebiyati","7":"pa_cilt-ciltsiz","8":"pa_tur-kitap","9":"pa_yayinevi-yapi-kredi-yayinlari","10":"pa_yazar-laurence-sterne","12":"first","13":"instock","14":"sale","15":"shipping-taxable","16":"purchasable","17":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/694430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=694430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=694430"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=694430"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roveyayinevi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=694430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}