Heartland and Rimland-21st Century’s Geopolitical Thinking in Foreign Policy explores two pivotal concepts shaping modern power dynamics. The Heartland emphasises the strategic importance of Eurasia’s interior and land power, while the Rimland highlights the critical role of coastal regions and maritime routes. This book analyzes the historical and current impacts of these concepts, focusing on the strategies of major powers like Russia, Germany, and the US in the Heartland, and the policies of Rimland nations such as Türkiye, China, India, and Iran. Authored by leading experts, it provides in-depth insights into these regions’ roles in the global order. An indispensable resource for strategic studies and international relations, this volume offers a concise guide to understanding the complexities of today’s geopolitical landscape.