Since English has become the de facto language of communication thanks to globalization, internationalization, westernization, and competitiveness, it has become one of the most important components of Turkish education. To date, several investments and new reforms, various decisions, new techniques, and curriculum revisions have been undertaken to improve the quality of foreign language teaching and learning in Turkey. However, English language teaching in Turkey has many problems and controversial issues. In this book, we tried to touch on some fundamental challenges of ELT in Turkey such as the use of technology, practicum process, learner autonomy etc. In addition, we offered solutions to these problems. We hope that this book contributes to the area and helps to solve fundamental problems teacher/learners experience in Turkey.