John Stuart Mills book Utilitarianism is a classic exposition and defence of utilitarianism in ethics. The essay first appeared as a series of three articles published in Frasers Magazine in 1861 (vol. 64, p. 391ndash;406, 525ndash;534, 659ndash;673); the articles were collected and reprinted as a single book in 1863. Mills aim in the book is to explain what utilitarianism is, to show why it is the best theory of ethics, and to defend it against a wide range of criticisms and misunderstandings. Though heavily criticized both in Mills lifetime and in the years since, Utilitarianism did a great deal to popularize utilitarian ethics and has been considered ldquo;the most influential philosophical articulation of a liberal humanistic morality that was produced in the nineteenth century.